WebParagraph Patterns Development is the process by which you support or explain the central idea of a paragraph, essay, or other piece of writing. Elaboration This impression of piranhas is exacerbated by their mischaracterization in popular media. The example paragraph is limited in focus on one idea about the topicthat technology provides opportunities to personalize education. It was then he decided to pack up and move to a motel. When you learn to write effectively, people will start to believe you. Some Fulton, K. (2013, September 1). For instance, in some styles of writing, particularly journalistic styles, a paragraph can be just one sentence long. After appearing intermittently in scattered sinkholes, the river rises three miles downstream in a big boil, then continues on to meet the Suwannee and the sea. To readers, these are modes of thought, and they work unnoticed to interpret what was written. If you can help them formulate and deepen that opinion, they will be glad they read your work. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/31/us/ohio-sues-pharmaceuticaldrug-opioid-epidemic-mike-dewine.html?_r=1. He felt for the flashlight beside his bunk. Depending on the audience and purpose, a writer may need to include more or less information. Rhetorical modes refer to the patterns of development available to the writer. What is the most important idea that you are trying to convey to your reader? 243 3 2 Q KX) ? + 2 # Patterns of Paragraph Development jfhs jfhs Oh +'0 ( H T ` It includes all the evidence you need to make the point. When confronted with humans, piranhas first instinct is to flee, not attack. When dividing you begin with one central topic and break that down into multiple parts. Their fear of humans makes sense. If a person is telling a story about their seven-year-old daughter, they are narrating. Surrounded by the tall, shaded woods of a beautiful hardwood forest, the Santa Fe River disappears in a large, slowly swirling, tree-lined pool. Of course you want to be creative and original. But extraordinary moments happen only when there is a functional, effective, comfortable background of ordinary moments. A narrative differs from a mere listing of events. Will readers understand the relationship of the supporting details to the point of the paragraph and the larger point of the essay? Usually, the focus of the paragraph lends itself to the use of one primary mode, but even so, most paragraphs utilize more than one pattern of development. Note: I couldnt think of a way to write the following paragraphs that followed naturally from the previous material. This is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handouts topic, and we encourage you to do your own research to find additional publications. For example, telling a story with narration often includes description. For guidance on formatting citations, please see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial. Education Digest, 79(1), 22-26. https://search.proquest.com/openview/49d7ee537168e132960671e4bef70582/1.pdf?pqorigsite=gscholar&cbl=25066. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive email notifications of new posts. Our example paragraph will be about human misconceptions of piranhas. Despite using them as big garages, barns tend to be taken down rather than repaired. Web |i0 Batang" q h rkfkf " ! While paragraph length can vary, effective paragraphs contain enough substantive content that readers do not have lingering questions. A paragraph is defined as a group of sentences or a single sentence that forms a unit (Lunsford and Connors 116). USE SEVEN METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT Depending on your purposewhat you want to accomplishyou can use That is why so many editors slash through passages of good writing, with a note like: Replace this fluff with something you had to get off your butt and go find out.. This impression of piranhas is exacerbated by their mischaracterization in popular media. Think: Readers first read this, now this, now this; what do they need next? Not that there was anything wrong with the park: The hikers camped next to them loved the wild isolation of it. Now, you will familiarize yourself with two of the, most common patterns of paragraph development exemplification and classification., , Whats in, As you unravel The whole process is an organic onea natural progression from a seed to a full-blown paper where there are direct, familial relationships between all of the ideas in the paper. This paragraph is a small example of the kind of writing used widely in editorials and columns, and it uses a direct, exhortatory approach: Believe Me and Do It! usually emerge in the process of revision. If you do not make such a chart, there is a chance you will have a hole in your comparison. What makes your explanation believable? OLeno is a good example of a state park in Florida. Understanding Organization in Composition and Speech, Definition and Examples of Body Paragraphs in Composition, 6 Steps to Writing the Perfect Personal Essay, Definition and Examples of Paragraphing in Essays, Writers on Writing: The Art of Paragraphing, The Ultimate Guide to the 5-Paragraph Essay, Understanding General-to-Specific Order in Composition, Definition and Examples of Analysis in Composition, Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia, M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester, B.A., English, State University of New York. Preservationists say that in the majority of cases, ailing barns simply need to be stabilized by replacing the sills around the perimeter of the structure. You are probably familiar with the idea that transitions may be needed between paragraphs or sections in a paper (see our handout on transitions). In conventional composition courses, the following patterns of exposition are often presented as the standard methods of development in expository writing: When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Develop Paragraphs With the Audience and Purpose in Mind. They fry or grill the fish and then serve them with coconut milk or tucupi, a sauce made from fermented manioc juices. Coherence means each sentence logically leads to the next sentence, and the writer has provided transitions and guidewords to make the movement fluid for the reader and the different ideas come together cohesively. The second is when the water level in pools where piranhas are living falls too low. Some of the modes of discourse (to use the formal name) such as narration, have been expertly used by humans since the first storytellers, and persuasion has existed since the first argument. He lay in the dark listening. So do the writer and the reader. Lift the pole on the opposite side of the tent in the same way, but this time, fit it into the upper end of the standing pole before securing its guywire. Many students define paragraphs in terms of length: a paragraph is a group of at least five sentences, a paragraph is half a page long, etc. Finally, unroll the front flap to form an awning. Piranhas rarely feed on large animals; they eat smaller fish and aquatic plants. In some cases, you may need more than one sentence to express a paragraphs controlling idea. Is the development sufficient for the audience and purpose? Once you are close to a subject, it is difficult to know when you have left something out. Think of description as a little narrative in which the visual characteristics unfold in a natural, interesting, dramatic order. analysis of the topic. Click on the link for more information on Persuasive Paragraphs. Click on the link for more information on Definition Paragraphs. Each sentence works to support this idea in the form of facts, examples, and anecdotes. We revise these tips periodically and welcome feedback. You need to make every effort to be right. Let it show as transparently as seeing. Good writing cannot substitute for the hard, detailed, careful, thoughtful, ethical work that makes it worth reading. Long paragraphs of as much as a page or more often lack a well-defined focus. writing_center@unc.edu, 2023 The Writing Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. However, as Minnesotas Byron Independent School District (ISD) realized when they designed their own online curriculum, teachers can adapt an online curriculum as needed to individually personalize a students educational experience. The writer must also consider the purpose of the writing. For example, the promotional poster for the 1978 horror film Piranha features an oversized piranha poised to bite the leg of an unsuspecting woman. Aside from clarity, the key problem with exposition is credibility. Remember, it is not your writing that matters, but how well your writing gets read. Nordquist, Richard. Mastering these modes of writing will help you create that background. Put the steps into sequence. It was too quiet. 2003. Before writing a comparison, draw up a chart and fill it in, to make certain you have all the elements necessary to write a comparison. You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Find us on: All Rights Reserved. Give your description away as generously as the world gives away sights. Writers need to help readers by using transitional expressions and other appropriate words to guide them through the development of the paragraph. The real content of the sandwichthe meat or other fillingis in the middle. Perez-Pina, R. (2017, May 31). Each is followed by a brief commentary. When confronted with humans, piranhas first instinct is to flee, not attack. NONE of your examples should be left unexplained. Development in Composition: Building an Essay. (2023, April 5). At night, OLeno wraps itself with the silence of crickets and owls. Sentences for completing a paragraph While the trope of the man-eating piranhas lends excitement to the adventure stories, it bears little resemblance to the real-life piranha. Is the content organized in a logical, easy-to-understand manner? Ideally, paragraph lengths should invite readers in, neither seeming too daunting to read through nor appearing incomplete. An effective paragraph will have unity, coherence, and development. You need to supply them with the information, analysis, and context they need to form their own opinions, make their own judgments, and take action. although) that connects the paragraph topic, the role that pharmaceutical companies play, to the topic that will be discussed in the next paragraph, the role that patients play. A working thesis functions like a seed from which your paper, and your ideas, will grow. This approach applies to a certain kind of writing, what is sometimes called expository fully-elaborated nonfiction prose as in nonfiction books, magazine articles, college papers, and official reports. The explanation should demonstrate the value of the example as evidence to support the major claim, or focus, in your paragraph. First, clear a 9 by 9 foot area of snags, limbs, and anything that might pierce the bottom of the tent. Watch our short video on reverse outlining to learn a quick way to test whether your paragraphs are unified. The purpose of this paragraph is to persuade, so by presenting the opposing viewpoint then counterarguing it with research-based examples, the reader is more likely to see the writers viewpoint as logical and change their own opinion about the topic. CarolinaGo for iOS, The Writing Center Web.3 Paragraph Development Develop paragraphs in a variety of patterns that reflect your thinking about the material. The cognitive difficulty in description is simple: People see all-at-once. WebThere are links that cement the different parts of a paragraph. Before you can begin to determine what the composition of a particular paragraph will be, you must first decide on an argument and a working thesis statement for your paper. Lets take a look at a version of our piranha paragraph that uses transitions to orient the reader: Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, except in two main situations, entirely harmless. By focusing on paragraph development, you can trace the connection between these two events. Prop up the awning with the two remaining poles and secure them with guyropes. to learn, think through, and write down. And much too dark. # ? Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, for the most part, entirely harmless. The most common means of transition are: 1) transitional words and phrases like conjunctions, conjunctive adverbs, and When confronted with humans, piranhas first instinct is to flee, not attack. Far more piranhas are eaten by people than people are eaten by piranhas. If a paragraph has more than one main idea, consider eliminating sentences that relate to the second idea, or split the paragraph into two or more paragraphs, each with only one main idea. Each of these parts can be one or more paragraphs long, and the paragraphs in each part have a different purpose. Nearby, stands of cypress mirror themselves in the still waters, walls of dense river swamp rise before you, sudden sinkholes open in the woodlands-rich with cool ferns and mosses. The idea is that you continue to use this pattern until you have completely developed the main idea of the paragraph. This is especially likely to be true within paragraphs that discuss multiple examples. Once you have mastered the use of topic sentences, you may decide that the topic sentence for a particular paragraph really shouldnt be the first sentence of the paragraph. They use certain recurring forms of communication. Even starlight failed to penetrate the 80-foot canopy of trees the camper was parked beneath. Description requires you to record a series of detailed observations. Imagine each paragraph as a sandwich. Dr. Richard Nordquist is professor emeritus of rhetoric and English at Georgia Southern University and the author of several university-level grammar and composition textbooks. In most writing, these modes are mixed in natural combinations. By contrast, Lloyd Beach State Recreation Area, near Fort Lauderdale, is dominated by the oily bodies of sun-worshippers who crowd into it every summer weekend. Here are some important modes of paragraph development. By contrast, short paragraphs can seem choppy and undeveloped. In reality, though, the unity and coherence of ideas among sentences is what constitutes a paragraph. Something felt wrong. This persuasive paragraph also serves as the ending to this little article and brings a sense of closure in the form of, OK, now get up and act!. As you write the topic sentence and its supporting sentences, look Narration is an especially useful tool for 2. Portray, yes, but mainly. Are all of the supporting details unified on the controlling idea? In fact, pharmaceutical companies continue to spend millions on promotional activities and materials that deny or trivialize any risks of opioid use while at the same time overstating each drugs benefit (Perez-Pina, 2017). While the predominant rhetorical mode used in paragraphs will be comparison and contrast, the student will also probably use examples, include description, and offer analysis as you compare the old South to the new South. Farther from the river, expanses of longleaf pinelands stretch across rolling hills. Gerald Grow is a retired journalism professor. Notice that the example and explanation steps of this 5-step process (steps 3 and 4) can be repeated as needed. In this paragraph, the story components are: a protagonist (Hanson), a setting (the park), a goal (to camp), an obstacle (his fear of the night), a climax (the panic), and a resolution (leaving). Their fear of humans makes sense. Paragraph development begins with the formulation of the controlling idea. Cause and Effect: Paragraph Patterns Classification-Division This pattern allows you to either divide a topic into it's component parts, or to categorize (or classify) a Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. The final movement in paragraph development involves tying up the loose ends of the paragraph. undertakes a physical description and another undertakes an Paragraph development progresses with an example (or more) that illustrates the claims made in the previous sentences. A cause is a reason why something happened and an effect is the result of a cause. his or her material by narrating a series of events, another The St. Martins Handbook: Annotated Instructors Edition, 6th ed. Some writers may find that simply using an outline helps them to better enhance their paragraph creation Use Various Rhetorical Modes for Developing and Organizing Paragraphs. They are essential parts of the mental technology of civilization, made possible by the alphabet that led to written language, amplified by literacy, and promulgated by education. Next, snap Together all four external tent-poles (they are held together by shock cords to make sure you get the pieces matched up). In the following paragraph, the final two sentences branch off into a different topic; so, the revised paragraph eliminates them and concludes with a sentence that reminds the reader of the paragraphs main idea. Either describe all of OLeno and compare it to all of Lloyd Beach by working down columns two and three, or take the first category, noise and compare the two parks in terms of it, then the next category, people, and so on, across the rows.. "Development in Composition: Building an Essay." Transitional expressions function like gluethey hold a piece of writing together and give it order. Florida has a rich variety of parks, ranging from RVs ringed around recreation halls, to thousands of acres of impenetrable wilderness. for ways to structure your thinking. Division illustrates differences, while classification focuses on similarities. Analyze the process into a series of steps. Once you commit to a down or across strategy, stick with it till the end of the comparison. Narration. Far more piranhas are eaten by people than people are eaten by piranhas. But there are two situations in which a piranha bite is likely. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. The writer begins with an opposing viewpoint to appeal to readers who may be critical of educational technology. The example paragraph is unified on one topic: the opioid epidemic. How can I help them get these parts inside, then use them to construct the whole? Purdue Global Academic Success and Writing Resource Center and Blog 2023. If the fish are well-fed, they wont bite humans. The information in each paragraph must be related to that idea. If the fish are well-fed, they wont bite humans. The organization you choose will depend on the controlling idea of the paragraph. In succession, the following paragraphs illustrate the modes of narration, exposition, definition, classification, description, process analysis, and persuasion. Specific details always help a story, but so does interpretive language. Nordquist, Richard. Like other forms of writing, paragraphs follow a standard three-part structure with a beginning, middle, and end. New York: St. Martins. Any cracks, inconsistencies, or other corruptions of the foundation can cause your whole paper to crumble. Many students define paragraphs in terms of length: a paragraph is a group of at least five sentences, a paragraph is half a page long, It also uses language (e.g. Example For example, the promotional poster for the 1978 horror film Piranha features an oversized piranha poised to bite the leg of an unsuspecting woman. After you have all four poles in place, lift one of the poles. The purpose of a definition paragraph is to fully and clearly explain a term or a subject, and this is generally done using one of three different methods: providing a synonym, placing the topic within a larger category, or providing an explanation of what the topic is NOT in order to better explain what it IS. But soon you find that writing well brings a profound responsibility: You have to be trustworthy. Pictures alone, however, are rarely enough as you probably know from trying to assemble a product where the instructions are in Chinese. What should readers understand after reading the paragraph? Never tease readers or withhold descriptive detail, unless for some strange reason that is the nature of your writing. Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, for the most part, entirely harmless. This family was a victim of a problem they could have avoideda problem that, according to Florida park rangers, hundreds of visitors suffer each year. You might be able to explain the relationship between the example and the topic sentence in the same sentence which introduced the example. thinking about the material. But if you want to stand at the edge of civilization and look across time into an older natural world, OLeno is the park to visit. Assemble the two remaining tent poles in a similar manner. Critics have argued that technology will dehumanize education; in fact, technology can actually personalize education. Narration: Tell a story. It is composed of warm-up activity, lesson proper, and assessment/ evaluation. Then, whatever, was outside in the darkness also breathed, and the huge silence of the night seemed to come inside the camper, stifling them. You dont just lay the words on the page; you point them in the direction of a story. In other words, modes are the particular manner in which writers develop their thoughts, and quite typically the mode comes to us naturally depending on what we are trying to accomplish. In composition, development (also known as elaboration) is the process of adding informative and illustrative details to support the main idea in a paragraph or essay. If you're writing instructions, steps should be listed in the order that they should be performed and if you're describing a past event, it's generally best to follow a chronological order.
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